Types of Schools in Spain
Public Schools (Colegios Públicos)
State-funded, free education (except for books and occasional materials). Instruction is in Spanish (plus regional language if applicable).
Pros
- Cost-free
- Excellent for integration
- Local community focus
Cons
- Large class sizes
- No choice in school assignment (points system)
- Bilingual programs vary in quality
Subsidized Private Schools (Colegios Concertados)
Privately owned but state-subsidized schools, often religious (Catholic). Lower fees than private schools (€100-300/month).
Pros
- Values-based education
- Stronger discipline
- Socially mixed
Cons
- Religious focus
- Hidden 'voluntary' fees
- Limited places
International Schools
Private schools following foreign curricula (British, American, French, etc.). Fees range from €500 to €2,000+ per month.
Pros
- Consistent curriculum
- English-speaking
- Easier transition for older children
Cons
- Very expensive
- Expat bubble
- Long waiting lists
Education Stages
| Stage | Age | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Educación Infantil | 0-6 years | Optional but 3-6 age bracket (Infantil 2º ciclo) is free and universal. |
| Educación Primaria | 6-12 years | Compulsory. 6 grades focus on literacy, math, and social sciences. |
| ESO (Secundaria) | 12-16 years | Compulsory. Ends with the Graduado en ESO certificate. |
| Bachillerato | 16-18 years | Optional. Preparation for university entrance exams (EBAU). |
Enrollment Process
Empadronamiento
You must register your address at the local town hall first.
NIE/Residency
Both parents and child need valid residency or NIE.
Application Window
Usually opens in late March or April for the following September.
Homologación
Older students may need their previous records officially validated.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is education free in Spain?
Public schools are free from age 3 to 18. Parents usually pay for books, uniforms, and extracurricular activities.
Do children need to speak Spanish?
In public schools, yes. Younger children adapt quickly through immersion. Older children may benefit from bridging programs or international schools initially.